[BOOK|RTF] Functional and Smart Materials: Structural Evolution and Structure Analysis

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Chapter 6 aims to introduce the fundamentals of structure analysis using transmission electron microscopy and associated techniques, including electron diffraction, diffraction contrast for defect analysis, atomic resolution lattice imaging for interface studies, electron holography for studying ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials, and convergent beam electron diffraction technique for mapping charge redistribution and bonding in crystalline materials. Thermordynalically, the enthalpy of the system is determined by the bonding between atoms, while the entropy is determined by the atomic lattice configurations of the crystal. A single element has a certain electron configuration. The smart system is composed of sensing, processing, actuating, feedback, self-diagnosing and self-recovering subsystems.

This book focuses only on oxide functional materials. Functional materials cover a wide range of organic and inorganic materials. This is the focus of this book.

Functional and Smart Materials Structural Evolution and Structure Analysis - Functional materials cover a broader range of materlas than the smart materials illustrated above. In the search for new functional materials, a clear understanding about the relationship between the physical properties and the atomic-scale structure of materials is needed.